2013 estimate - Total $2.068 trillion[3] (9th) - Per capita $33,909[3] (27th) Gini (2011) 31.9[4] medium

Official languages    Italiana
Demonym    Italian
Government    Unitary parliamentary constitutional republic
 -     President    Giorgio Napolitano
 -     Prime Minister    Enrico Letta
 -     President of
the Senate    Pietro Grasso
 -     President of the Chamber of Deputies    Laura Boldrini
Legislature    Parliament
 -     Upper house    Senate of the Republic
 -     Lower house    Chamber of Deputies
Formation
 -     Unification    17 March 1861
 -     Republic    2 June 1946
Area
 -     Total    301,338 km2 (72nd)
116,347 sq mi
 -     Water (%)    2.4
Population
 -     2012 estimate    59,685,227[1] (23rd)
 -     2011 census    59,433,744[2] (23rd)
 -     Density    197.7/km2 (63rd)
511.6/sq mi
GDP (PPP)    2013 estimate
 -     Total    $1.805 trillion[3] (11th)
 -     Per capita    $29,598[3] (34th)
GDP (nominal)    2013 estimate
 -     Total    $2.068 trillion[3] (9th)
 -     Per capita    $33,909[3] (27th)
Gini (2011)    31.9[4]
medium
HDI (2013)    Increase 0.881[5]
very high · 25th
Currency    Euro (€)c (EUR)
Time zone    CET (UTC+1)
 -     Summer (DST)    CEST (UTC+2)
Drives on the    right
Calling code    39d
ISO 3166 code    IT
Internet TLD    .ite
a.    French is co-official in the Aosta Valley; Slovene is co-official in the province of Trieste and the province of Gorizia; German and Ladin are co-official in South Tyrol.
b.    Preliminary results.
c.    Before 2002, the Italian Lira. The euro is accepted in Campione d'Italia, but the official currency there is the Swiss Franc.[6]
d.    To call Campione d'Italia, it is necessary to use the Swiss code +41.
e.    The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.
Italy Listeni/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica italiana),[7][8][9][10] is a unitary parliamentary republic in Southern Europe. To the north, Italy borders France, Switzerland, Austria, and Slovenia, and is approximately delimited by the Alpine watershed, enclosing the Po Valley and the Venetian Plain. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula and the two biggest Mediterranean islands of Sicily and Sardinia, in addition to many other smaller islands. The sovereign states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. Italy covers an area of 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and has a largely